ÍTHE
CONTROVERSY OF THE FSSPX IN ARGENTINA: THE ATTORNEY RESPONDS
translated by Michael Fuller
Source: Adelante la Fe
(Note from blog: This Argentine lawyer has made an assessment of the situation, which has been confirmed by two other attorneys before posting. Note that the source is not a resistance source but is a friend blog of Rorate Caeli and is often cited by them. The attorney wishes to maintain his anonymity, which does not invalidate any of his claims. The site that this was taken from is operated by a handful of priests, some of them diocesan and some with the FSSP. In the section of authors on the site (Adelante la Fe) you will see pictures and short bios about the contributors of the blog. I do not agree with the author's ideas, that he may or may not have, regarding religious liberty or the SSPX being outside the Church. I only publish this translation because of the controversy that has arisen and the attempt by others to attack this attorney's claims on the mere pretext of his anonymity. If what he has stated is completely true regarding the legal analysis and details that show that Rome and Menzingen have collaborated in leaving the SSPX in Argentina in a checkmated position, then it must be published. His anonymity is a mute point. Initials suffice.)
Note
from Adelante la Fe: The author of
the legal analysis about the legal approval of the SSPX, who remains anonymous
besides belonging to the Argentine judiciary system, brings us this text in
response to many of the questions and issues that his article had raised, as
much as from commentators as from numerous media where it has been reproduced.
Cardinal Poli: the SSPX “... is a juridical
person within the Apostolic Roman Catholic Church, in conformity with the rules
of the Code of Canon Law ..."
This was
written and signed by Cardinal Mario Aurelio Poli in the presentation in File
9028/2015 of the Registry of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Religion of
Argentina.
At the request
of the director of the web page to make an analysis of the recognition -made by the
Resolution 25/15 of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Argentina- of the SSPX
as a part of the Catholic Church, first I made a quick, brief comment which was
placed with more detail, then a detailed analysis of a technical nature (if the
term is suitable) and then another analysis, also quick, regarding the impact
of the media- which the editor placed as a new update.
I confirm
the content of what I wrote about in the legal analysis. And also the speculations in the extensions,
but they do not have anything to do with the technical analysis, rather they
are derived from the interpretation of the facts.
It is worth clarifying that, beforehand, I did
not harbor any dislike for the SSPX, which I believe will be in the great history
of the Catholic Church for preserving the great treasure of Tradition. The SSPX is not established in the place where
I live, but I went to the church on calle Venezuela [street] in Buenos Aires,
where I also acquired several books that cannot be found elsewhere.
Given the
virulence of some comments I must clarify some points, knowing that the law,
generally, is controversial and even the wording of clear and explicit legal rules
are debated.
Is the Catholic religion the official religion of
Argentina?
The National
Constitution in art.2 speaks of the support of the religion. After the 1994 reform,
the catholicity of the President is no longer a requirement, and neither is the
requirement of the native Indians to convert to Catholicism – a completely anachronistic
law-. There is no express provision to declare as such, except for a theocratic
state (eg. Iran); I do not think we can find states with an official religion,
if we use that requirement. The official site of the Argentine government would
support whoever objects to the character of the official religion of
Catholicism.
For
decades, Dr. Germán Bidart Campos, the country's most prestigious
constitutionalist, maintained the theory that Catholicism was the official
religion and even considered it set in stone (i.e. unchangeable for a new
Constitutional Convention). Today it is undoubtedly controversial. I repeat:
the Catholic Church has a unique legal status in the Civil Code and remains in
the new reformed code at any time to be enforced, which earned criticism from
progressives. But the laws of the civil
code are not only a demonstration of this, but also the salaries of the Bishops,
of the controversial tax exemptions -income tax, the existence of chaplaincies
(with salaries of priests) in federal and provincial police, the Argentine Army,
the Argentine Navy, the Air force, Prefecture, the Gendarmerie, the Federal
Penitentiary Service, public hospitals, etc., with the construction of chapels
on their land and religious images in their offices. There are also religious images in judicial
offices and other administrative entities. The President swears by a Christian
formula and to the Holy Gospels. All
other religions have absolute freedom to preach, but none of them have been
granted any official recognition of their activity [as has been the case with
the Catholic religion].
On national
holidays the official authorities of the Nation and the Provinces attend the Te Deum in the respective cathedrals,
the most significant of these being the one held in the Metropolitan.
The issue
is controversial, but it is official, "informal" or privileged, the
Catholic religion has an absolutely different status from the rest of the
thousands of religions recognized in the Nation. Simply enter the website of
the Ministry of Religious Affairs to check. Yes there is absolute freedom of religion, and
this is a fact that will be of much use.
Is Resolution 25/15 a simple administrative
procedure?
Legally it
is an act of Public Administration, but not a mere formality, since it is declaratory of an existing reality and not
constitutive of a new reality. If I
create a banking company and would like to start operating as a bank, I should
establish the juridical person, it would be authorized by the General
Inspectorate of Justice and the Central Bank, and then it would just begin to
exist, at the opening of the doors of my financial institution.
Resolution
25/15 recognizes a preexisting reality, based on the Concordat between
Argentina and the Holy See, approved by Law 17.032, plus the rules cited in the
resolution (Law 24483 and its regulatory decree). The International Treaty
between Argentina and the Vatican over its regulatory laws are clear: Argentina only allows itself to recognize
an existing juridical person within the Catholic Church.
Consider art.3 paragraph f of Regulatory Decree
491/1995 (cited as the basis of Resolution 25/2015). They may enroll in the
REGISTER OF INSTITUTE OF CONSECRATED LIFE: f) Other juridical persons recognized as such by the competent
ecclesiastical authority and by its likeness and analogy with the above are
admitted in the Register by reasoned decision of the authority of the
application (emphasis mine).
Our country
asks for input from a series of documents authenticated by official bodies of
the Church itself and the endorsement of the local bishop, in this case Cardinal
Mario Aurelio Poli, who flat out said in his presentation (transcribed in the fundamentals
of Resolution 25/15) that said Society
is accredited the character of a public, juristic person within the Apostolic Roman
Catholic Church, in conformity with the rules of the Code of Canon Law.
I
reiterate: Archbishop Poli, successor of the Apostles and member of the College
of Cardinals, said in his presentation to the Ministry of Religious Affairs,
that the SSPX is a public, juridical person within the Church and in conformity
with the rules of the Code of Canon Law. Ergo, it has a regular canonical status as a public entity within the
Church, and it is of a public character, -and not a mere association of
faithful- which is consistent with the statement of the official website of the SSXP South America: “The Society of St. Pius X was founded in 1970 and its statutes were
approved on November 1st of that year by Bishop Charriere, Bishop of
Fribourg (Switzerland). Like any other congregation, the Society of St. Pius X
was erected as a congregation of diocesan right. Its foundation does not date from 1988 and it is not linked to any suspicion
of illegality".
Consequently,
the resolution of the Argentine State is not only important because of what it
says, but because it proves indirectly that for Archbishop Poli the SSPX is a
juridical person and in good standing in conformity with the rules of Canon
Law, whose scope is universal.
Again I say
that the resolution has canonical consequences, despite the communiqués that
state the contrary, unless these things, against any Logic, can exist and not
exist at the same time.
Was this recognition necessary for the
operation of the SSPX, which it qualifies as a purely administrative procedure?
From the
statements of the DICI agency linked to the SSPX, it is worth noting that in
Argentina there is freedom of religion and that the operation of schools,
hospitals, or any other work intended for the common good may well be conducted
as a civil partnership.
At best in
this regard, we have the example of the case of the Universidad Austral that is
a civil association without a legal link with Opus Dei, nor the Catholic
Church, despite several of its members expressly acknowledging that they belong
to the Prelature. This civil association had no impediments to achieve
important public and private grants, and sustains a premier University with a
prestigious University Hospital.
A
substantial difference -which the Resolution 25/15 expressly refers to- is the
exemption from income tax, but ultimately a completely material and worldly type
of question order which did not justify such a turnabout in the relationship
between Church and SSPX. Can we assume that this administrative act had a
merely material purpose? No way is this possible knowing the difficulties
endured for years by the SSPX for being outside the Catholic Church. (note from translator: the SSPX was never outside the
Church, remember that this article is translated from an Ecclesia Dei source)
Was it a routine administrative procedure?
Definitely
not, but this is supposing that it was illegal. Yes it was an extremely rapid
process, where in less than a month the case was initiated and approved,
despite requiring extensive documentation, having to be certified and
translated into the national language, besides the normal time evaluation of
the administrative body to resolve accordingly.
If you
enter the website of the Ministry of Religions it will be noted, by way of
example, that the "Dominican Sisters of the Immaculate Conception"
began the record in 2000 (no. 22277/00) and obtained a favorable resolution in
2005 (No. 1475/00, dated 06/27/05). On
the same date, the Redemptorist Missionary Sisters were enabled, whose record
dated from the previous year (no. 25213/04).
In this regard, you can consult the Official Gazette where bothresolutions were published.
If you are
interested in knowing the list of all the Institutes of Consecrated Life and
administrative procedures, you can enter this website. This list is also proof of the dissimilar
treatment that is given to the Catholic Church.
By way of conclusion
The importance
of this resolution is shown in that, officially,
the Archbishop of Buenos Aires recognizes the SSXP as a juridical person under
public law within the Catholic Church, with a regular canonical condition.
Furthermore,
as happened many times in questions dealing with common law (mainly in
sensitive and controversial issues), it is a matter of an important precedent (leading case) of great value, that in some way may go unnoticed in
the Universal Church.
I know
nothing of the scenes of the case. Whoever
wants to know more can enter Panorama International Catholic, a site that I highly regard. Sure, I can speculate
on serious grounds, from the analysis of the legal act, about the documentary
records that are invoked, about the formalities of other Institutes of
Consecrated Life and tight deadlines, that it is a matter of something previously agreed and arranged in its
presentation, impossible without the consent of Rome and Ecône.
H. T. (Argentine Attorney)
